{"id":2173,"date":"2022-02-15T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-15T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/uncategorized\/the-choshiawase-more-than-just-tuning\/"},"modified":"2025-11-13T18:40:26","modified_gmt":"2025-11-13T18:40:26","slug":"the-choshiawase-more-than-just-tuning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/en\/special\/the-choshiawase-more-than-just-tuning\/","title":{"rendered":"The Ch\u014dshiawase \u2013 More Than Just Tuning"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]Anyone who starts exploring Tsugaru shamisen and searches online for performances will quickly come across either one of the Yoshida Brothers\u2019 energetic pieces or a version of Jonkara Bushi. In many recordings of Jonkara Bushi, you might notice something interesting: before the piece begins, the performer starts tuning\u2014not in the random, chaotic way familiar from Western orchestras, but in a structured, rhythmic manner. This deliberate tuning sequence, performed as part of the presentation, is called Ch\u014dshiawase. [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>The Elements of a Ch\u014dshiawase<\/h2>\n<p>Although Ch\u014dshiawase isn\u2019t part of the musical composition itself, it is very much part of the performance. It has recognizable components, but each player interprets it differently. Because of that, it can be difficult at first to recognize its underlying structure.<br \/>\nHere are two basic examples that make it easier to grasp:[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_video src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4VJfk0LY834&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_video][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_video src=&#8221;https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=SoJM1VYYYgg&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_video][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>The essential elements of Ch\u014dshiawase, which you can observe in video clips, include:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>All three open strings are played, from low to high.<\/li>\n<li>The strings are tuned one by one during the Ch\u014dshiawase.<\/li>\n<li>Each change of string is marked by an oshibachi stroke.<\/li>\n<li>On the middle and thin strings, the striking alternates between ushirobachi and maebachi.<\/li>\n<li>The Ch\u014dshiawase flows directly into the main piece.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The more Ch\u014dshiawase you listen to, the more nuances you\u2019ll start to notice\u2014for example, that it often follows the rhythm and tempo of the piece it introduces. Although it\u2019s most often associated with Jongara Bushi, Ch\u014dshiawase can precede any piece.  <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>The Word Itself<\/h2>\n<p>To better understand its purpose, it helps to look at the word\u2019s meaning.<br \/>\nCh\u014dshiawase (\u8abf\u5b50\u5408\u308f\u305b) is made up of the signs for &#8220;tuning&#8221; and &#8220;bringing together&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>ch\u014dshi (\u8abf\u5b50) &#8220;tuning&#8221;<br \/>\nawase (\u5408\u308f\u305b) \u201cbring together\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Combined, it literally means \u201cbringing the tuning together\u201d or \u201charmonizing.\u201d Since those translations sound clunky, most players simply use the Japanese term.[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>The Functions of Ch\u014dshiawase<\/h2>\n<h3>Function #1: Tuning<\/h3>\n<p>On the most basic level, Ch\u014dshiawase is used to tune the instrument. When performing in a group, this structured, shared tuning helps avoid distraction or noise. Especially after long or powerful playing, some retuning is often necessary between pieces. <\/p>\n<p>While this could be done quietly, incorporating tuning into the performance brings additional benefits.[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3>Function #2: Attention<\/h3>\n<p>1. Drawing attention<br \/>When the Ch\u014dshiawase begins, the audience immediately feels that something is about to happen\u2014it signals, \u201cPay attention, the performance is starting.\u201d<br \/>\nHistorically, when shamisen players performed as traveling musicians, this served as a kind of auditory announcement, drawing listeners just like the jingle of an ice cream truck once did in summer.  <\/p>\n<p>2. Centering the Performer<br \/>\nFor the player, Ch\u014dshiawase offers a valuable moment to settle in. It allows time to fine-tune the instrument, check one\u2019s striking motion, and adjust to the acoustics of the space. It\u2019s also a mental transition\u2014a chance to take a deep breath, focus, and shift fully into \u201cperformance mode.\u201d [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]2. Centering the Performer<br \/>\nFor the player, Ch\u014dshiawase offers a valuable moment to settle in. It allows time to fine-tune the instrument, check one\u2019s striking motion, and adjust to the acoustics of the space. It\u2019s also a mental transition\u2014a chance to take a deep breath, focus, and shift fully into \u201cperformance mode.\u201d[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Step-by-Step Example: Ch\u014dshiawase for Ichidan<\/h2>\n<p>Ichidan is one of the most well-known Tsugaru shamisen pieces and is often played in groups as a prelude or framing piece before a Jonkara \u201cbattle.\u201d Here\u2019s a simple Ch\u014dshiawase pattern for Ichidan to illustrate the technical flow. <\/p>\n<p>The Ch\u014dshiawase begins on the open thick string (ichi no ito). After one or two distinct \u201csignal strikes\u201d (for example, do-DON or just DON), the player moves into a steady rhythm. These strikes are used to check tuning and enjoy the full, strong sound of the bachi. You can stay on this string as long as you like\u2014the measures outlined in blue (in the example notation) can be repeated freely until you feel ready to move on.    <\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Choshiawase-Anfang-1.png\" width=\"596\" height=\"114\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1193 aligncenter size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Choshiawase-Anfang-1.png 596w, https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Choshiawase-Anfang-1-480x92.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 596px, 100vw\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Choshiawase-Ichi-no.png\" width=\"596\" height=\"114\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1190 aligncenter size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Choshiawase-Ichi-no.png 596w, https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Choshiawase-Ichi-no-480x92.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 596px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>When switching to the next string, you use an oshibachi or suberi stroke as an upbeat. The first new strike on the middle string is played maebachi (marked by a horizontal line above the note). After that, alternate between ushirobachi and maebachi.  <\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Choshiawase-Ni-no.png\" width=\"597\" height=\"114\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1191 aligncenter size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Choshiawase-Ni-no.png 597w, https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Choshiawase-Ni-no-480x92.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 597px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The transition to the next string is again signaled by an oshibachi, played as an upbeat in ushirobachi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Choshiawase-San-no.png\" width=\"596\" height=\"114\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1192 aligncenter size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Choshiawase-San-no.png 596w, https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Choshiawase-San-no-480x92.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 596px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The Ch\u014dshiawase ends with a clear JAN-JAN-JAN (which I fondly call \u201cstrum-strum\u201d). Take a breath\u2014and then it\u2019s straight into Ichidan! <\/p>\n<p>How long you stay on each string before moving on\u2014or before starting the actual piece\u2014is entirely up to you. Once you reach the thin string, check your tempo, relax your hand, and make sure the shamisen is sitting comfortably. You can also vary the striking pattern here to build anticipation for the main piece.<br \/>In this example, I\u2019ve kept things simple. It\u2019s a good starting point that you can later expand and decorate to suit your own style. Here\u2019s a short demonstration:     <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; column_structure=&#8221;1_5,3_5,1_5&#8243;][et_pb_column _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; type=&#8221;1_5&#8243;][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; type=&#8221;3_5&#8243;][et_pb_video src=&#8221;https:\/\/vimeo.com\/672026469&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][\/et_pb_video][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; type=&#8221;1_5&#8243;][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;2_5,3_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.6.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;34px||64px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.6.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.6.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Playfair Display||||||||&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;23px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>You prefer listening to reading? Check out the accompanying video to the article: <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.6.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_video src=&#8221;https:\/\/youtu.be\/nu0lAMB0xq4&#8243; thumbnail_overlay_color=&#8221;rgba(40,122,135,0.75)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.11.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;88%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_video][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ch\u014dshiawase is a fascinating feature of Tsugaru Shamisen performance: tuning the instrument right before a piece begins, and making that process part of the performance itself. There are rules, but also freedoms, and if you want to give it a try yourself, it\u2019s good to know both.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2172,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[116,86],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2173","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-playing-technique","category-special"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Ch\u014dshiawase \u2013 More Than Just Tuning - Shamisen-Zentrale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ch\u014dshiawase is a fascinating part of Tsugaru shamisen performance. It\u2019s not just about tuning\u2014it serves several purposes.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/en\/special\/the-choshiawase-more-than-just-tuning\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Ch\u014dshiawase \u2013 More Than Just Tuning - Shamisen-Zentrale\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ch\u014dshiawase is a fascinating part of Tsugaru shamisen performance. 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