{"id":2091,"date":"2020-12-01T11:57:00","date_gmt":"2020-12-01T11:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/uncategorized\/the-three-classic-shamisen-tunings\/"},"modified":"2025-11-13T01:32:57","modified_gmt":"2025-11-13T01:32:57","slug":"the-three-classic-shamisen-tunings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/en\/basics\/the-three-classic-shamisen-tunings\/","title":{"rendered":"The Three Classic Shamisen Tunings"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Every shamisen player should master three basic tunings that you can set without much thought. Most traditional pieces use one of these tunings, and you’ll often find folk songs arranged in multiple tunings. These three tunings are: <\/p>\n

\u672c\u8abf\u5b50 <\/strong>Honch\u014dshi<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u4e0a\u308a<\/strong> Niagari<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u4e0b\u308a<\/strong> Sansagari<\/p>\n

These tunings connect logically, making them far less mysterious than they first appear. Once you understand the symbols, moving between tunings becomes intuitive. You’ll typically find the tuning notation in the upper left corner above the piece. <\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Notation-Stimmung.png” title_text=”notation tuning” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”3px||2px|||” hover_enabled=”0″ custom_margin=”|-40px||-40px|false|true” sticky_enabled=”0″][et_pb_row column_structure=”3_5,2_5″ _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”3px||15px|||”][et_pb_column type=”3_5″ _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default”]<\/p>\n

\u672c\u8abf\u5b50 Honch\u014dshi<\/h2>\n

Honch\u014dshi literally means “base tuning”\u2014your default starting point. While the exact root note isn’t fixed, C is standard nowadays, especially for purely instrumental pieces without vocals or flute. The characters break down as: <\/p>\n

\u672c<\/strong> origin \/ base
\u8abf\u5b50<\/strong> tuning<\/p>\n

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Using C for the thick string (ichi no ito<\/em>), Honch\u014dshi tunes to C3\u2013F3\u2013C4. The interval from thick to middle string is a fourth, middle to thin string is a fifth. Don’t worry about technical names\u2014you just need to tune correctly.
Here’s my memory trick: from thick to middle string, it sounds like “Amazing Grace,” and from middle to thin string, it sounds like “Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star.” Everyone knows these melodies! Definitely give it a try. <\/p>\n

The other two tunings build from Honch\u014dshi, and their names tell you exactly how to get there. <\/p>\n

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Note: <\/strong>When accompanying singers, adjust the tuning to match their range. Men often need lower tuning (sometimes down to A, making strings feel loose), while women may need higher tuning (up to E, making strings feel stiff). <\/em><\/p>\n

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\u4e8c\u4e0a\u304c\u308a Niagari<\/h2>\n
\n

Niagari literally translates to “raising the second”\u2014referring to the middle string (ni no ito). <\/p>\n

\u4e8c<\/strong> two<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u4e0a<\/strong> up<\/div>\n
\n

\u4e0a\u308a<\/strong> raise<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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From Honch\u014dshi (C\u2013F\u2013C), raise the middle string by one whole note, giving you C\u2013G\u2013C. <\/div>\n
Now the intervals flip: from thick to middle string sounds like “Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star,” and from middle to thin string sounds like “Amazing Grace.”<\/div>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”3_5,2_5″ _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”3px||15px|||”][et_pb_column type=”3_5″ _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default”]<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u4e0b\u308a Sansagari<\/h2>\n
\n

Sansagari means “lowering the third”\u2014you lower the thin string from Honch\u014dshi by one whole note.<\/p>\n

\u4e09<\/strong> three<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u4e0b<\/strong> below<\/div>\n
\n

\u4e0b\u308a<\/strong> lowering<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Instead of C3\u2013F3\u2013C4, you get C3\u2013F3\u2013B4b. Forget note names if they confuse you\u2014instead, use your ear! <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

For Sansagari, thick to middle string sounds like “Amazing Grace<\/em>,” and middle to thin string too sounds like “Amazing Grace<\/em>“.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”3px|||||”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”-10px|||||” custom_padding=”35px|||||”]<\/p>\n

Quick Retuning Trick<\/h3>\n
Notice that the “Amazing Grace”<\/em> interval (a fourth) appears in every tuning\u2014twice in Sansagari. So instead of lowering the third string from Honch\u014dshi, you can start from Niagari and raise the thick string by one tone. The middle-to-thin interval is already a fourth, so you only need to adjust the fifth (“Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star”). It sounds complex in writing but feels natural with your shamisen in hand. <\/div>\n
Give this a try next time you pick up your shamisen. It\u2019s an extremely useful trick when you need to retune quickly between niagari and sansagari pieces. <\/div>\n
Conversely, to go from sansagari to niagari, simply tune the thick string down by one whole tone.<\/p>\n

There are also a few technical tuning tricks worth knowing\u2014both to prevent peg breakage and to keep the pegs firmly in place so the strings stay in tune. Be sure to read the tuning tips article<\/a> if you haven\u2019t yet; it\u2019ll make your life a lot easier. <\/div>\n

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Pro tip:<\/em> <\/b>No tuner for C? No problem! When playing solo (without other instruments or singers), choose any comfortable pitch for your thick string. I prefer Bb\u2014it sounds warmer to my ear. What matters is maintaining the correct intervals between strings (<\/i>“Amazing Grace” and <\/em>“Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star”).<\/em><\/p>\n

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The shamisen becomes more rewarding the more you play! Use these memory aids and don’t hesitate to hum or sing while tuning\u2014it’s much more effective than imagining vague pitches. <\/div>\n
Enjoy trying out the different memory aids and don’t be shy humming along while tuning and playing! It really helps to have the sound not just imagined in your head but get it out of your body.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
I hope these techniques make tuning easier for you and eliminate confusion around different tunings and make your practice more enjoyable.<\/div>\n
Feel free to share your thoughts, questions, or requests\u2014I always enjoy hearing from fellow players!<\/div>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”1px|||||” hover_enabled=”0″ custom_margin=”|-40px||-40px|false|true” sticky_enabled=”0″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”3px|||||”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_divider color=”rgba(12,53,124,0.58)” divider_weight=”3px” _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default” width=”75%” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”19px|||||” custom_padding=”30px||||false|false”][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”2_5,3_5″ _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding=”34px||64px|||”][et_pb_column type=”2_5″ _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Playfair Display||||||||” text_font_size=”23px”]<\/p>\n

Watch the video here:<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.6.5″ _module_preset=”default”]<\/p>\n

Feel free to check out my video on YouTube for this article, where you can hear me humming, tuning, and chatting.<\/div>\n

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There are three basic tunings on the shamisen that every player should know and be able to tune without much thought. I\u2019ll explain how honch\u014dshi, niagari, and sansagari are tuned and show you an easy way to remember them. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2089,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[87],"tags":[105,104,103,106,107,100,102],"class_list":["post-2091","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-basics","tag-honchoshi","tag-niagari","tag-sansagari","tag-shamisen-tunings","tag-tune-shamisen-by-ear","tag-tuning","tag-tunings"],"yoast_head":"\nThe Three Classic Shamisen Tunings - Shamisen-Zentrale<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn the three classic shamisen tunings and how to tune them: honch\u014dshi, niagari, and sansagari.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/shamisen-zentrale.de\/en\/basics\/the-three-classic-shamisen-tunings\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Three Classic Shamisen Tunings - 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